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041 | REALISING SUSTAINABILITY: ENERGY
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possible options in the
energy sector |
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Increasing energy efficiency of buildings, equipment and vehicles
to a greater level than in the "business as usual" scenario, by introducing
and disseminating the best technologies available and stimulating further
technological improvements. |
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Increasing the proportion of electricity and heat generated
from renewable sources (such as wind, solar, wave and some bio-mass power). |
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Reducing the production of energy intensive products (by dematerialisation
and recycling). |
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Substitution of gas for coal, and use of district heating
to reduce C02 emissions. |
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Increasing the proportion of cogeneration systems producing
district heat and steam for industrial processes. |
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New and more efficient technologies in the supply system,
such as fuel cells, combined gas and steam-turbine power stations for electricity
generation and district heating, and gasification of coal. |
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Phasing out nuclear power: a technology associated with high
risks. |
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Regulating energy markets so that companies can market 'energy
services' rather than energy itself. One promising policy instrument is
the idea of 'contracting': a specialised third party company invests in
energy-efficient end-use technology (e.g. for lighting, ventilation or cooling)
for commercial and public premises. The user of these energy services pays
the investor a rate no more than the energy costs which are saved through
the energy-efficient technology. After the investment is paid back, the
user becomes the owner of the installed technology. |
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Increasing energy costs, possibly through ecological
tax reform. This reduces labour taxes whilst raising energy taxes, so that
the aggregate costs faced by businesses remain constant. |
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sector specific measures
and strategies |
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Energy | more
about energy |
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Non-renewable resources
| more about raw materials |
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More about land use |
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Wood | more
about wood |
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Water | more
about water |
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more |
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Energy
Briefing by Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland |
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